地方品质与城市创业活跃度：影响机制与空间差异

张超　李倩　何红丽

（河北工业大学）

内容提要：创业活动是经济增长的重要动力源泉。在知识经济时代，创新创业区位和人才区位内生于地方品质，而地方品质与地方政府治理能力和营商环境密切相关。本文构建了包含地方政府政务服务、营商环境、包容性等维度的地方品质指标体系，选取2017—2021年286个城市的面板数据，运用双向固定效应模型系统考察地方品质对城市创业活跃度的影响效应、作用机制及作用的异质性特征。研究结果显示，地方品质对城市创业活跃度具有正向影响。机制分析表明，地方品质建设通过吸引人才集聚、增强城市社会信用水平、扩大市场需求、提高知识溢出效率等途径提升城市创业活跃度。异质性分析结果显示，相较于其他城市，地方品质对行政等级较低城市、胡焕庸线东南侧城市和资源型城市的创业活跃度的促进作用更为明显。未来旨在提升城市创业活跃度的地方品质政策应当聚焦于提升品质多维度建设的系统性、品质驱动机制激活的精准性、品质建设的地理空间适配性和品质动态监测评估体系的科学性，为推动创业环境优化和经济高质量发展提供支撑。

关键词：地方品质；城市创业活跃度；人才集聚；社会信用；市场需求；知识溢出；城市治理

作者简介：张超，河北工业大学经济管理学院教授、博士生导师，天津，300401；李倩，河北工业大学经济管理学院硕士研究生；何红丽，河北工业大学经济管理学院博士研究生，通信作者。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“人才集聚视角下空间品质驱动城市创新的机制与对策研究”（23FJYB028）；河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“河北营商环境政策效应与优化调整对策研究”（ZD202512）

引用格式：张超,李倩,何红丽.地方品质与城市创业活跃度:影响机制与空间差异[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(12):92-107.

Quality of Place and Urban Entrepreneurial Vitality: Influence Mechanisms and Spatial Heterogeneity

ZHANG Chao, LI Qian, HE Hongli

(Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401)

Abstract: Entrepreneurship is vital to China’s economic development, as it not only helps address employment challenges but also strengthens economic vitality. In the context of an innovation-driven development strategy, entrepr-eneurship has gradually become a new driver for China’s economy. Due to the increasingly competitive international and domestic environment, the entrepreneurial environment exerts an important impact on entrepreneurship. Therefore, addressing how to optimize the entrepreneurial environment to enhance urban entrepreneurial vitality has become a pressing issue. Innovation drive is essentially talent drive, and talent drive is essentially quality of place drive. Therefore, a good quality of place may become an important factor influencing urban entrepreneurial vitality.

Based on the panel data of 286 cities in China from 2017 to 2021, this paper adopts the principal component analysis to construct a quality of place indicator system from seven dimensions of leisure culture, public service, infrastructure, ecological environment, inclusiveness, government services, and business environment, and applies the two-way fixed effect model to analyze the impact of the quality of place on urban entrepreneurial vitality. The findings reveal that the quality of place has a positive impact on urban entrepreneurial vitality. The conclusion remains valid after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. Mechanism analysis indicates that the quality of place operates through four channels: talent agglomeration, social credit, market demand, and knowledge spillover. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of quality of place is more pronounced in cities with lower administrative ranks, those located southeast of the Hu Huanyong Line, and resource-based cities.

This paper contributes to the literature in three ways. First, it includes the dimensions of business environment and government services in the construction of the quality of place indicator system, highlighting the importance of local governments in such construction. Second, it explores the role of quality of place in influencing urban entrepreneurial vitality through four channels. Third, it analyzes the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of quality of place through the lens of city characteristics, which provides empirical evidence for cities to formulate tailored strategies for the quality of place development.

This paper provides useful insights for local governments to improve the quality of place and enhance urban entrepreneurial vitality, thus promoting the high-quality development of China’s economy. Specifically, local governments need to establish systematic, multi-dimensional strategies for enhancing the quality of place; develop targeted mechanisms that activate entrepreneurship through the quality of place; implement differentiated strategies for the quality of place development; and establish assessment mechanisms and dynamic monitoring systems for the quality of place development.

Keywords: quality of place; urban entrepreneurial vitality; talent agglomeration; social credit; market demand; knowledge spillover; urban governance

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