数字化转型、供应链溢出与企业创新

关 鑫　李枫园

（首都经济贸易大学）

内容提要：创新研究的焦点正从单体企业创新转向供应链整体创新。伴随数字技术和数字经济的迅猛发展，数字化转型不断为供应链整体创新注入新的活力。现有研究主要关注企业数字化转型对自身创新的影响，鲜有聚焦于企业数字化转型对供应链关联主体创新的影响。本文以2010—2022年中国沪深A股上市公司为研究样本，从供应链溢出的视角实证检验企业数字化转型对供应链上下游企业创新的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明，企业数字化转型促进了供应链上下游企业创新，这种创新促进效应通过商业信贷和知识溢出机制传导给供应链上下游企业；吸收能力、供应链集中度、地区知识产权保护程度、地区数字经济发展能够强化这种促进效应。本文为供应链企业利用数字化转型带来的契机加快推动创新、保持长期竞争优势提供了经验启示，同时也为相关部门制定政策提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：数字化转型；供应链溢出；企业创新；商业信贷；知识溢出；供应链集中度

作者简介：关鑫，首都经济贸易大学工商管理学院副教授、博士生导师，北京， 100070； 李枫园，首都经济贸易大学工商管理学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业数字能力的结构测量、组态前因及其对创新的影响”（72172097）

引用格式：关鑫,李枫园.数字化转型、供应链溢出与企业创新[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(5):107-124.

Digital Transformation, Supply Chain Spillovers, and Enterprise Innovation

GUAN Xin, LI Fengyuan

(Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070)

Abstract: With the continuous intensification of market competition, the increasing complexity of technological structure, and the accelerated replacement of emerging technologies, relying solely on enterprises to carry out innovation activities faces many limitations and uncertainties. Currently, supply chain cooperation and mutual benefit have become a strategic choice for enterprises. In this context, the focus of innovation research is shifting from individual enterprise innovation to overall supply chain innovation. With the rapid development of digital technology and the digital economy, digital transformation has continuously injected new vitality into overall supply chain innovation. The strong permeability and connectivity of digital technology have broadened access to technology, information, talent, capital, and other innovation factors, facilitated the sharing of ideas, resources, and knowledge among enterprises, and strengthened supply chain management and resource integration capabilities among enterprises. Thus, it can be inferred that enterprise digital transformation can act on the interconnection and integration among enterprises, having an impact on the innovation of the entire supply chain. However, existing studies mainly focus on the impact of enterprise digital transformation on its own innovation, paying less attention to the impact on the innovation of related entities in the supply chain.

Taking A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2022 as samples, this paper systematically demonstrates and empirically tests the impact of enterprise digital transformation on the innovation of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain and its mechanism from the perspective of supply chain spillovers by applying social network theory. The results show that enterprise digital transformation promotes the innovation of upstream and downstream enterprises. This effect is transmitted to upstream and downstream enterprises through commercial credit and knowledge spillovers. The absorptive capacity, supply chain concentration, regional intellectual property protection, and the level of the regional digital economy can strengthen this promotion.

This paper provides important insights into how supply chain enterprises leverage digital transformation to accelerate innovation and maintain long-term competitive advantages, and it also offers useful references for relevant departments in policy formulation. Specifically, enterprises should grasp the historical opportunity of digital transformation, give full play to the resource diffusion effect resulting from the spillover of digital transformation along the supply chain, and provide a new source of motivation for the innovation of upstream and downstream enterprises. The government needs to strengthen the construction of new digital infrastructure, provide financial support or policy preferences for the research, development, promotion, and application of cutting-edge technologies in the digital supply chain, and focus on solving difficulties in the digital spillovers in the supply chain.

Keywords: digital transformation; supply chain spillover; enterprise innovation; commercial credit; knowledge spillover; supply chain concentration

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