组织忘记、节俭式创新与企业绩效

——基于绿色发展的驱动效应

陶克涛¹　任静²　蒋畅畅²

（1.内蒙古财经大学；2.中央财经大学）

内容提要：在碳中和转型背景下，企业如何通过认知重构突破传统路径依赖，以组织忘记驱动低碳创新并提升绩效，成为实现绿色发展的重要议题。本文基于组织学习理论和资源基础理论，选取213家企业样本数据，深入探究组织忘记对企业绩效的作用机理。研究结果显示：组织忘记通过摒弃非环保惯例与实施环保措施促进资源节俭式创新；节俭式创新作为中介变量，在经济绩效、社会绩效与环境绩效提升中发挥差异化传导效应；组织忘记通过驱动“低成本—高质量—低环境足迹”的节俭式创新，实现企业多维绩效协同优化。本文的研究为“双碳”目标下企业绿色转型提供了“认知—行为—绩效”的系统框架，揭示了企业在追求绿色转型过程中面临的微观传导机制，进而助力企业实现绿色可持续发展目标。

关键词：组织忘记；节俭式创新；企业绩效；组织学习；绿色发展

作者简介：陶克涛，内蒙古财经大学工商管理学院教授、博士生导师，呼和浩特，010070；任静，中央财经大学商学院博士研究生，通信作者，北京,100081；蒋畅畅，中央财经大学商学院博士研究生。

基金项目：内蒙古财经大学自治区“五大任务”研究专项重点项目“三北生态工程政策演进逻辑、效果评估与实践进路”（NCXWD2402）

引用格式：陶克涛,任静,蒋畅畅.组织忘记、节俭式创新与企业绩效——基于绿色发展的驱动效应[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(11):110-126.

Organizational Unlearning, Frugal Innovation, and Enterprise Performance

—Based on the Driving Effect of Green Development

TAO Ketao¹, REN Jing², JIANG Changchang²

(1. Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070;

2. Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081)

Abstract: From a practical perspective, the pressing challenges of climate change, tightening environmental regulations, and increasing consumer awareness have imposed new constraints on the sustained development of enterprises, particularly for high-energy-consuming industries. Driven by the dual carbon goals, it has become critical for enterprises to reconstruct cognitive frameworks, break away from path dependence, and leverage organizational unlearning to boost low-carbon innovation and enhance performance. From a theoretical standpoint, existing studies have emphasized the role of organizational unlearning in overcoming inertia, promoting innovation, and improving enterprise performance. However, how organizational unlearning facilitates frugal innovation under the strategic orientation of green development and how it differentially enhances the economic, social, and environmental performance of enterprises still remains to be further explored.

Drawing on organizational learning theory and the resource-based view, this paper empirically investigates the mechanism through which organizational unlearning influences frugal innovation and enterprise performance, using data collected from 213 manufacturing firms across six provincial-level regions in China. It further examines how frugal innovation mediates the relationship between organizational unlearning and economic, social, and environmental performance. The findings reveal that organizational unlearning promotes frugal innovation by discarding non-eco-friendly routines and implementing green practices. Frugal innovation, in turn, acts as a key driver in achieving a “low-cost-high-quality-low-environmental-footprint” model, thereby enhancing enterprise performance across multiple dimensions. Additionally, organizational unlearning enables enterprises to optimize decision-making systems for green innovation, deepen their understanding of sustained innovation models, and ultimately improve overall performance.

This paper contributes to the literature in three ways. First, it uncovers how different dimensions of organizational unlearning influence social, environmental, and economic performance, providing theoretical support for formulating science-based green transformation strategies. Second, it integrates organizational learning theory and the resource-based view to systematically explain how organizational unlearning enhances enterprise performance through frugal innovation, thus enriching the micro-level understanding of green innovation mechanisms. Third, from a strategic perspective of green development, it reveals the specific pathways through which organizational unlearning drives frugal innovation, offering both theoretical insights and practical guidance for enterprises to break free from traditional development paths, unlock internal innovation potential, and advance green products and services.

Keywords: organizational unlearning; frugal innovation; enterprise performance; organizational learning; green development

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