数字基建、产业链竞争与企业数字化转型

朱晓满¹　王伊攀²

（1. 天津财经大学金融学院；2. 山东工商学院金融学院）

　　内容提要：企业数字化转型是数字经济赋能生产方式变革的具体方式，但在转型过程中面临“产业链受制于人”导致的数字化转型激励不足问题。政府能否通过“数字新基建”的力量帮助企业塑造产业链竞争优势地位从而促进企业数字化转型尚未得到回答。本文基于2009—2020年沪深A股上市公司数据，从产业链视角采用多期双重差分法检验了“宽带中国”试点政策对企业数字化转型的影响及机制。研究发现，政府能够通过网络基础设施建设显著推动企业数字化转型，并且对交易成本较高、处于经济欠发达区域和属于高技术密集型的企业效果更显著；网络基础设施建设通过扩大供需、增强纵向与横向市场竞争等机制提升了产业链竞争力，从而驱动了企业数字化转型；企业数字化转型产生了促进内部融资、提升外部关注和提质增效的经济效应。本文为建设数字中国背景下政府如何驱动企业数字化转型提供了可参考的经验证据。

　　

　　关键词：企业数字化转型；网络基础设施建设；宽带中国；产业链竞争；数字基建

　　

　　作者简介：朱晓满，天津财经大学金融学院博士研究生，天津，300222；王伊攀，山东工商学院金融学院副教授，通信作者，烟台，264005。

　　基金项目：国家社会科学基金青年项目“区域政策协同效应影响企业转型升级机制创新研究”（17CJY027）；山东工商学院财富管理特色研究项目“数字化转型对上市公司财富管理策略的影响研究”（001-03126825）

　　引用格式：朱晓满,王伊攀.数字基建、产业链竞争与企业数字化转型[J].经济与管理研究,2023,44(8):55-73.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2023.08.004.

　　

　　

Digital Infrastructure, Industrial Chain Competition, and Digital Transformation of Enterprises

ZHU Xiaoman¹, WANG Yipan²

(1.Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222;

2.Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264005)

　　

　　Abstract: The digital economy plays a vital role in reorganizing global factor resources, reshaping the global economic structure, and changing global competition patterns. It is the core driving force to promote high-quality economic development in China. The digital infrastructure, consisting of network infrastructure construction, is expected to accelerate the development of the digital economy and act as a catalyst in facilitating digital transformation in the new era. Precisely evaluating the impact of digital infrastructure construction on enterprise digitalization and clarifying its mechanism are essential issues related to the steady growth and the effectiveness of long-term development layouts.

　　Based on the data of A-share listed companies in China from 2009 to 2020, this paper examines the impact of the “Broadband China” pilot policy on the digital transformation of enterprises and its mechanism from the perspective of the industrial chain competition, using a multi-period DID method. The findings reveal that the government can promote the digital transformation of enterprises through network infrastructure construction. It is more effective for enterprises with high transaction costs, enterprises in economically underdeveloped regions, and high-tech-intensive enterprises. Network infrastructure construction enhances the industrial chain competition by expanding supply and demand, enhancing vertical and horizontal market competition, and other mechanisms, thus driving the digital transformation of enterprises. Furthermore, this transformation can produce economic effects by promoting internal financing, enhancing external attention, and improving quality and efficiency.

　　The main contributions of this paper are as follows. First, taking the “Broadband China” pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper evaluates the impact of the government infrastructure investment on the digital transformation of enterprises, expands the research dimension of the government infrastructure investment effect, and enriches the policy tools to drive the digital transformation of enterprises. Second, it investigates the mechanism of network infrastructure construction and the digital transformation of enterprises from the perspective of industrial chain competition. This paper starts from the paths of supply and demand amplification effect and vertical and horizontal market competition to confirm the policy effect on the digital transformation of enterprises. Finally, it examines the effect of the “Broadband China” pilot policy on the digital transformation of enterprises from three aspects: enterprise, region, and industry characteristics. It proves that the driving effect varies depending on economic, scale, and technological effects. This provides valuable insights for the precise and efficient implementation of the pilot policy.

　　Keywords: digital transformation of enterprise; network infrastructure construction; “Broadband China” pilot policy; industrial chain competition; digital infrastructure