创新平台赋能对新创企业跨界搜索的影响：即兴能力和环境不确定性的作用

解晓晴¹　张镒²　刘祎³　周国林²

（1. 广东金融学院信用管理学院；2. 广东金融学院工商管理学院；3. 浙江理工大学经济管理学院）

　

　　内容提要：高度不确定环境下，新创企业进驻创新平台已成为新创企业破除资源约束的关键手段，然而鲜有文献考察创新平台赋能对新创企业跨界搜索的影响。本文基于即兴能力和环境不确定性视角，构建创新平台赋能通过即兴能力影响新创企业跨界搜索的概念模型，并采用451家企业的一手数据进行实证检验。研究结果显示：第一，创新平台赋能对新创企业跨界搜索有显著正向影响；第二，在即兴能力的维度中，即时性能力与创造性能力均在创新平台赋能与新创企业跨界搜索之间起部分中介作用；第三，环境不确定性正向调节即时性能力与新创企业跨界搜索之间的关系，但在创造性能力与新创企业跨界搜索关系中的调节作用不显著。本文将创新平台赋能研究拓展到创新平台赋能条件下的新创企业创新创业研究，为揭示创新平台赋能对新创企业跨界搜索的作用机理提供了依据。

　　

　　关键词：创新平台赋能；即兴能力；跨界搜索；环境不确定性；创新生态系统

　　

　　作者简介：解晓晴，广东金融学院信用管理学院讲师，广州，510521；张镒，广东金融学院工商管理学院讲师，通信作者；刘祎，浙江理工大学经济管理学院讲师，杭州，310018；周国林，广东金融学院工商管理学院教授。

　　

　　基金项目：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“数字化背景下平台领导创新：前因、路径与边界研究”（21YJC630168）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金省市联合基金“数字化转型与企业绿色创新：作用机制、影响效应与共同演化逻辑”（2022A1515110494）；广东省哲学社会科学“十四五”规划2022年度学科共建项目“数字可供性对企业韧性的影响效应研究”（GD22XGL33）

　　

　　引用格式：解晓晴,张镒,刘祎,等.创新平台赋能对新创企业跨界搜索的影响:即兴能力和环境不确定性的作用[J].经济与管理研究,2023,44(5):36-55.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2023.05.003.

　　

The Impact of Innovation Platform Empowerment on Boundary-spanning Search for Startups: Role of Improvisational Capability and Environmental Uncertainty

XIE Xiaoqing¹, ZHANG Yi¹, LIU Yi², ZHOU Guolin¹

(1. Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou 510521;

2. Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018)

　　

　　Abstract: In an uncertain environment, there is an urgent need for startups to break through resource constraints and capability traps through boundary-spanning search (BSS), as it is difficult to gain competitive advantages from their resources and capabilities. At the same time, the innovation platform provides strong support to platform users in resource acquisition and capability enhancement by absorbing and allocating complementary assets. For startups, joining the innovation platform becomes one of the most important ways to overcome resource constraints. However, few studies discuss the relationship between innovation platform empowerment (IPE) and startups' BBS. Therefore, this paper investigates how innovation platform empowerment (IPE) affects startups' BSS in the context of environmental uncertainty (EU). Specifically, it develops a conceptual model that IPE influences startups' BSS through the improvisational capability (IC), and conducts empirical tests with first-hand data from 451 firms in China from the perspective of IC and EU.

　　The findings are as follows. On the one hand, IPE has a significant positive impact on startups' BSS. Being embedded in the innovation ecosystem allows them to expand the breadth and depth of resource acquisition and adopt more methods to solve problems and find opportunities. It also reduces the transaction cost of resource identification by applying platform computilities and algorithms to conduct BSS. On the other hand, IPE has a positive impact on the dimensions of IC, namely the immediacy capability and the creativity capability, both of which also contribute to startups' BSS. IPE, as a capability formed by the collaboration of multiple agents, plays a driving role in fostering the ability of startups to plan as they go and inspire new ideas and actions. On this basis, according to the changing needs of users, they can access innovation resources by becoming members of the platform ecosystem. Furthermore, although EU has a significant positive effect on the relationship between immediacy capability and BSS, there is no significant influence on the relationship between creativity capability and BSS. It is evident that the higher the degree of EU, the stronger the resource constraints faced by startups, and the greater the need to reduce the time lag between strategic planning and specific actions, encouraging them to realize resource acquisition by embedding innovation platforms. These findings reveal the mediating mechanism and boundary conditions of IPE to promote startups' BBS, providing practical inspiration for them to use the support offered by innovation platforms to enhance their capabilities under resource constraints.

　　Keywords: innovation platform empowerment; improvisation capability; boundary-spanning search; environmental uncertainty; innovation ecosystem