党引领国有经济做强做优做大的历程与逻辑——基于域观经济理论的视角
李曦辉1 柳艳红2 刘沛3
（1. 中央民族大学管理学院；2. 中央民族大学经济学院；3. 中央民族大学研究生院）
内容提要：国有经济是中国共产党带领全国人民推进中国式现代化、探索人类文明新形态的重要支撑。党的二十大报告中对深化国资国企改革的新提法和新部署，与依靠党的全面领导的制度优势做强做优做大国有经济密切相关。国有经济主要依托国有资本和国有企业，三者具有明显制度形态导向的域观特征。本文基于域观经济理论，阐明了党拓展优化完善“政府-市场”的制度创新，在此基础上，综合分析了党引领国有经济做强做优做大的发展历程与实践逻辑。国有经济做强做优做大离不开做强做优做大国有资本和国有企业，因此，本文综合梳理了三者做强做优做大的历程，其中，国有经济做强做优做大的发展历程具体包括：1949—1977年国有经济起步阶段，主要学习苏联模式做大国有经济；1978—2012年国有经济改革与发展阶段，引入市场机制做强做优国有经济；2013年至今国有经济深化改革与高质量发展阶段，探索中国式做强做优做大国有经济。国有经济做强做优做大存在逻辑顺序，不仅表现为做强、做优、做大目标的先后顺序，还表现为其实现要依靠全面做强做优做大的国有企业和国有资本。
关键词：国有经济；国有资本；国有企业；做强做优做大；域观经济理论
作者简介：李曦辉，中央民族大学管理学院教授、博士生导师，北京，100081；柳艳红，中央民族大学经济学院博士研究生；刘沛，中央民族大学研究生院教师。
基金项目：中央企业智库联盟2022年度重点课题“依靠党全面领导的制度优势做强做优做大国有经济”；国务院国有资产监督管理委员会2022年度研究课题“国有企业在中国式现代化新道路中的历史贡献和时代使命研究”
引用格式：李曦辉,柳艳红,刘沛.党引领国有经济做强做优做大的历程与逻辑——基于域观经济理论的视角[J].经济与管理研究,2023,44(2):3-16.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2023.02.001.
The Process and Logic of CPC Leading State-owned Economy to Build Up the Strength, Quality and Size —A Perspective of Economic Theory of Domain
LI Xihui, LIU Yanhong, LIU Pei
(Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081)
Abstract: The state-owned economy is an essential support for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to lead the people in promoting Chinese-style modernization and exploring new forms of human civilization. The new proposals and plans for deepening the reform of state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China are closely related to building up the strength, quality and size of the state-owned economy by relying on the CPC’s overall leadership and institutional advantages. The state-owned economy mainly depends on state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises, showing institutional form-oriented domain characteristics. Based on the economic theory of domain, this paper reveals the influence of institutional form reflected in the Party-government-market relationship. On the one hand，the process of the CPC leading the state-owned economy to build up the strength, quality and size includes three stages. From 1949 to 1977, the initial stage was to learn from the Soviet model of expanding the state-owned economy. From 1978 to 2012, the reform and development stage was to introduce market mechanism to strengthen and improve the state-owned economy. Since 2013, the deepening reform and high-quality development stage has been to explore the Chinese style to strengthen, improve and expand the state-owned economy. On the other hand, the logic of the CPC leading the state-owned economy to build up the strength，quality and size is not only in the order of realizing these goals，but also in the comprehensive reliance on strengthening, improving and expanding state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital. Specifically, the strength means that state-owned enterprises should be stronger than other types of enterprises, and state-owned capital should continuously enhance liquidity and driving capacity. The quality reveals that state-owned enterprises should be better in structure and function, and state-owned capital should constantly optimize the allocation efficiency. The size indicates that state-owned enterprises should expand their scale and increase the value of state-owned capital, and state-owned capital will accumulate more through capital appreciation to promote the development of state-owned enterprises. Among them, full reliance on the CPC’s overall leadership and institutional advantages is an inherent requirement of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics, as the CPC’s leading role is the choice of history, the entrustment of the people, and the provision of the Constitution.
Keywords: state-owned economy; state-owned capital; state-owned enterprise; building strength，quality and size; economic theory of domain
