特色农业发展与农村包容性绿色增长

——基于中国特色农产品优势区认定政策的评估

仲嘉维　郑军　张明月

（山东农业大学）

摘要：如何依托中国丰富的“土特产”资源，在拉动农村经济增长的同时守牢生态红线、兼顾发展公平，是建设特色农业强国的现实支点。本文基于2014—2023年中国县域数据，采用时变熵权-评价指标间相关性重要性（CRITIC）法测度农村包容性绿色增长水平，并运用多期双重差分模型评估特色农产品优势区认定政策（简称特优区政策）对农村包容性绿色增长水平的影响效应及内在机制。研究发现，特优区政策的实施对农村包容性绿色增长具有正向影响作用；特优区政策的实施能够通过促进信息公平、推动产业结构高级化及激发农业新业态创业来影响农村包容性绿色增长水平；特优区政策在不同地理区位和农村发展特征下具有明显差异，在人口空心化程度高及基层组织能力强的地区，特优区政策对农村包容性绿色增长水平的拉动作用更为明显。本文的研究结论为充分发挥中国特色资源优势，因地制宜地优化特优区政策，推动农村实现更绿色、更包容的增长提供了启示。

关键词：特色农产品优势区；农村包容性绿色增长；特色农业；产业结构；农业新业态创业；人口空心化；基层组织能力

作者简介：仲嘉维，山东农业大学经济管理学院博士研究生，泰安，271018；郑军，山东农业大学经济管理学院教授、博士生导师，通信作者；张明月，山东农业大学经济管理学院副教授。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金青年项目“重点帮扶县乡村‘土特产’联农带农的机制与路径研究”（25CGL103）；山东省社会科学规划研究重点项目“社会化服务赋能粮农适度规模经营的机理与路径研究”（24BGLJ07）；山东省社会科学规划研究一般项目“山东革命老区乡村‘土特产’提质增效研究”（25CGLJ25）

引用格式：仲嘉维,郑军,张明月.特色农业发展与农村包容性绿色增长——基于中国特色农产品优势区认定政策的评估[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(6):112-126.

Specialized Agriculture Development and Rural Inclusive Green Growth

—Evidence from the National Specialty Agricultural Product Advantageous Zone Identification Policy in China

ZHONG Jiawei, ZHENG Jun, ZHANG Mingyue

(Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018)

Abstract: Rural development in China is undergoing profound transformation pressures. On the one hand, environmental governance has been continuously strengthened, leading to the shutdown of a large number of substandard livestock farms and small workshop-style processing enterprises. Traditional high-pollution production modes are gradually being phased out, making the transformation of rural economic growth drivers increasingly urgent. On the other hand, income disparities within rural areas remain prominent, while problems such as limited channels for farmers’ income growth and insufficient livelihood stability have yet to be fundamentally resolved. Against this backdrop, how to rely on China’s abundant local specialty agricultural resources to stimulate rural economic growth while defending ecological conservation red lines and ensuring development equity has become a practical foundation for building a strong agricultural country characterized by specialized agriculture development.

Based on county-level panel data in China from 2014 to 2023, this paper measures the level of rural inclusive green growth from three dimensions: rural economic development, rural welfare inclusiveness, and rural ecological sustainability. Specifically, the time-varying entropy weight-CRITIC method is employed to construct the rural inclusive green growth index. Taking the National Specialty Agricultural Product Advantageous Zone Identification (NSAPAZI) policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper further applies a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model to evaluate the impact of the NSAPAZI policy and its underlying mechanisms. The findings indicate that the implementation of the NSAPAZI policy promotes rural inclusive green growth, and this conclusion holds after a series of robustness tests. The key transmission mechanism incude improving information equity, advancing industrial structure upgrading, and stimulating entrepreneurial activities related to new agricultural business forms. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the positive effect is more pronounced in regions with higher levels of rural hollowing-out and stronger primary-level organizational capacity.

These findings provide valuable insights for fully leveraging China’s specialty resource advantages and promoting greener and more inclusive rural growth. Specifically, it is necessary to further strengthen the targeted orientation of the NSAPAZI policy and increase support for vulnerable regions, particularly areas experiencing severe rural hollowing-out. Meanwhile, efforts should continue to be made to improve information infrastructure, guide industrial structure upgrading, and stimulate entrepreneurship in new agricultural business forms, so that the development of local specialty agricultural resources can truly become a new driver for rural revitalization that balances growth, ecological sustainability, and equity.

Keywords: specialty agricultural product advantageous zone; rural inclusive green growth; specialized agriculture; industrial structure; entrepreneurship in new agricultural business form; rural hollowing-out; grassroots organizational capacity

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