知识产权保护如何影响城市创新集聚？

——兼论有为政府和有效市场

王福涛¹　谢 健¹　熊培志^1,2

（1. 华南理工大学；2. 贵州民族大学）

内容提要：本文以国家知识产权示范城市试点政策为准自然实验，构建多期双重差分模型，分析知识产权示范城市试点政策对城市创新集聚水平的政策效应和影响机制。研究结果显示，与非示范城市相比，知识产权示范城市促进了城市创新集聚水平的提升。基于有效市场和有为政府的机制分析发现，示范城市试点建设通过促进人才和技术集聚、增强市场活力、优化市场信用环境、强化知识产权司法保护效应以及知识产权行政保护效应来提升城市的创新集聚水平。值得注意的是，行政保护作为政府有为的体现，正向调节示范城市试点政策通过加强司法保护对城市创新集聚的促进作用。异质性分析结果表明，这一政策效应在东部地区、行政等级较低和市场化水平较高的城市更强。本文的研究结论有助于深化对有效市场和有为政府有机结合的理解，为实现资源配置效率的提升提供经验证据和政策建议。

关键词：知识产权保护；知识产权示范城市；创新集聚；有效市场；有为政府

作者简介：王福涛，华南理工大学公共管理学院教授、博士生导师，广州，510641；谢健，华南理工大学公共管理学院博士研究生，通信作者；熊培志，华南理工大学公共管理学院博士研究生/贵州民族大学政治与经济管理学院讲师，贵阳，550025。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金一般项目“粤港澳大湾区区域创新体系与全球创新链协同演化机理研究”（23BGL245）

引用格式：王福涛,谢健,熊培志.知识产权保护如何影响城市创新集聚?——兼论有为政府和有效市场[J].经济与管理研究,2024,45(12):68-87.

How does Intellectual Property Protection Influence Urban Innovation Agglomeration?

—Discussion on Well-functioning Government and Efficient Market

WANG Futao¹, XIE Jian¹, XIONG Peizhi^1,2

(1. South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641;

2. Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025)

Abstract: As China's economy transitions from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development, challenges such as insufficient innovation momentum and inefficient innovation resource allocation become increasingly prominent. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate how to effectively promote the agglomeration of urban innovation elements through intellectual property (IP) protection policies.

This paper uses the National Intellectual Property Demonstration City (NIPDC) pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment and employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to analyze the policy's impact on urban innovation agglomeration levels and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that NIPDCs can enhance innovation agglomeration compared to non-demonstration cities. Mechanism analysis grounded in the concepts of efficient market and well-functioning government shows that the NIPDC pilot policy boosts innovation agglomeration by fostering talent and technology clustering, enhancing market vitality, improving the market credit environment and strengthening both judicial and administrative IP protection. Administrative protection positively moderates the impact of judicial protection on innovation agglomeration as a well-functioning government action. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that this policy effect is more pronounced in the eastern region, lower-tier cities and areas with higher levels of marketization. Therefore, it is suggested to improve the institutional design and arrangement of the pilot policy, give full play to the government's guiding role in the efficient market, and promote the organic combination of government and market.

This paper makes contributes in the following ways. First, it examines the economic effects of the NIPDC pilot policy on innovation agglomeration, providing empirical evidence for the popularization and implementation of IP protection policy. Second, it expands the theoretical research on the impact of the NIPDC policy on innovation agglomeration. Specifically, it employs the theoretical framework of a well-functioning government and an efficient market to verify the impact mechanism through market elements, credit environment, legal supervision, market vitality, and administrative protection. Third, it provides practical evidence for the effective integration of an efficient market and a well-functioning government. Based on the assessment of the innovation effects of the pilot policy, it explores the coordination between judicial and administrative IP protection, testing the efficiency of the dual-track system of IP protection, and discusses the proactive role of a well-functioning government in regulating an efficient market. Fourth, it identifies the causal relationship between the pilot policy and urban innovation agglomeration and analyzes regional, administrative, and marketization differences to reveal the differentiated effects of the pilot policy.

Keywords: intellectual property protection; intellectual property demonstration city; innovation agglomeration; efficient market; well-functioning government

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