创新人才集聚能提升城市碳排放绩效吗？

——来自中国地级市的经验证据

鲍鹏程　尹朝静　杨坤

（西南大学）

内容提要：探究创新人才集聚与碳排放绩效之间的关系对中国经济低碳转型具有重要意义。本文使用2011—2021年中国285个城市面板数据，测算各城市碳排放绩效，在此基础上实证检验创新人才集聚对碳排放绩效的影响及其机制，并对异质性表现和空间效应进行探讨。研究发现，创新人才集聚能够提升城市碳排放绩效，该结论在考虑内生性问题后依然成立。机制检验结果表明，创新人才集聚可以通过增强可持续竞争力和驱动绿色技术创新两个作用渠道提升城市碳排放绩效。异质性分析结果表明，创新人才集聚对碳排放绩效的促进作用在东部地区、大中城市、强吸引力城市和高互联网发展水平城市中更为显著。空间效应分析发现，创新人才集聚能够抑制空间关联地区碳排放绩效的改善。经验研究不仅证实了创新人才集聚在提升碳排放绩效、实现“双碳”目标中的重要地位，也为地方政府完善人才战略布局、促进经济高质量发展提供了重要的政策启示。

关键词：创新人才集聚；碳排放绩效；可持续竞争力；绿色技术创新；空间溢出效应

作者简介：鲍鹏程，西南大学经济管理学院博士研究生，重庆，400715；尹朝静，西南大学经济管理学院副教授，通信作者；杨坤，西南大学经济管理学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国农业减排固碳潜力评估、实现路径及支持政策研究”（23BGL189）；西南大学研究阐释党的二十大精神专项项目“环境政策工具对农业绿色转型的影响机制与政策优化研究”（SWU2209081）

引用格式：鲍鹏程,尹朝静,杨坤.创新人才集聚能提升城市碳排放绩效吗?——来自中国地级市的经验证据[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(2):24-42.

Can Innovative Talent Agglomeration Improve Urban Carbon Emission Performance?

—Empirical Evidence from Prefecture-level Cities in China

BAO Pengcheng, YIN Chaojing, YANG Kun

(Southwest University, Chongqing 400715)

Abstract: Improving carbon emission performance is an intrinsic requirement for achieving China’s “dual carbon” goals. Rational innovative talent agglomeration can overcome the spatio-temporal barriers of knowledge exchange, improve human capital structure and production efficiency, and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements to reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, it is imperative to explore whether innovative talent agglomeration can improve carbon emission performance to accelerate the low-carbon transformation of the economy. Based on the panel data from 285 cities in China from 2011 to 2021, this paper utilizes the SML index of the mixed distance function to measure carbon emission performance, empirically tests the impact of innovative talent agglomeration on carbon emission performance and its mechanism, and discusses the heterogeneity and spatial effect.

This paper finds that innovative talent agglomeration can improve urban carbon emission performance. This conclusion remains valid after accounting for the endogeneity issue. Mechanism test shows that innovative talent agglomeration can improve urban carbon performance by enhancing sustainable competitiveness and driving green technology innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that innovative talent agglomeration has a greater impact on carbon emission performance in the eastern region, large and medium-sized cities, strongly attractive cities, and cities with a high level of Internet development. The spatial effect analysis shows that innovative talent agglomeration inhibits the improvement of carbon emission performance in spatially linked areas.

The potential contributions are threefold. First, based on the perspective of low-carbon transformation and development, this paper examines the important impact of innovative talent agglomeration on carbon emission performance, reveals the stimulating effect of gathering talents worldwide on the economy and society in the Chinese context, and expands and deepens the existing studies on the influencing factors of carbon emission performance. Furthermore, this paper provides a reliable and new instrumental variable to solve the endogeneity issue of innovative talent agglomeration, namely, the number of academies from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. Second, from the perspectives of sustainable competitiveness and green technology innovation, this paper expounds and examines the mechanism of the impact of innovative talent agglomeration on carbon emission performance, providing a new theoretical research direction for improving urban carbon emission performance. Third, based on the differentiated characteristics of geographical location, city scale, urban attractiveness, and the level of Internet development, it comprehensively reflects the environmental effect of innovative talent agglomeration. At the same time, the spatial Durbin model is used to investigate the spatial effect of innovative talent agglomeration on carbon emission performance, and the impact of innovative talent agglomeration is depicted in multiple dimensions, which have specific guiding significance for promoting relevant talent policies.

Keywords: innovative talent agglomeration; carbon emission performance; sustainable competitiveness; green technology innovation; spatial spillover effect

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