试点碳排放权交易市场对中国工业低碳转型的作用机制研究

王文举　钱新新

（首都经济贸易大学）

 

内容提要：本文通过构建理论模型，探讨试点碳排放权交易市场影响中国工业低碳转型的作用机制，并从七个试点省份出发，选取2006—2021年的省级面板数据，运用多期双重差分法对试点碳排放权交易市场政策的环境经济效应进行分析。研究结果显示，试点碳排放权交易市场能够有效降低碳排放强度和提升工业低碳全要素生产率，从而促进中国工业的低碳转型。机制检验结果表明，试点碳排放权交易市场主要通过成本约束和结构升级途径促进工业低碳转型，而技术进步途径的作用尚未实质性显现。异质性分析结果表明，在经济发展水平和研发水平更高的地区，碳排放权交易政策对碳排放强度的降低和生产率的提升效果更加明显；而在外商投资水平更高的地区，碳排放权交易政策对低碳全要素生产率的提升效果更加明显。　　

关键词：试点碳排放权交易市场；工业低碳转型；全国统一碳市场；碳排放强度；低碳全要素生产率

作者简介：王文举，首都经济贸易大学教授、博士生导师，北京，100070；钱新新，首都经济贸易大学经济学院博士研究生，通信作者。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“中国碳市场建设研究”（23FJYB001）

引用格式：王文举,钱新新.试点碳排放权交易市场对中国工业低碳转型的作用机制研究[J].经济与管理研究,2024,45(1):16-34.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2024.01.002.

　　

　　

Mechanism of Pilot Carbon Emission Trading Markets on
Low-carbon Transformation in China's Industry

WANG Wenju, QIAN Xinxin

(Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070)

　　

　　Abstract: The construction of carbon emission trading markets is a strong measure to achieve the strategic goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality ("dual carbon" goals), an effective way to realize carbon emission reduction, and an important basis for establishing a unified national carbon market. This paper focuses on China's industrial sector, the primary source of carbon emissions, and comprehensively evaluates the impact of carbon emission trading markets on this sector to help reduce carbon emissions.

　　By constructing a theoretical model, this paper discusses the mechanism of the pilot carbon emission trading markets affecting the low-carbon transformation in China's industry. Starting from seven pilot provinces, based on the provincial panel data from 2006 to 2021, this paper analyzes the environmental and economic effects of carbon emission trading market policies using the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) method. The findings are as follows. First, the pilot carbon emission trading markets promote the low-carbon transformation of industry by effectively reducing the intensity of carbon emissions and increasing low-carbon total factor productivity. Second, the mechanism test shows that the markets promote the low-carbon transformation mainly through cost constraints and structural upgrading, but their role in technological progress is not obvious in the whole sample. Third, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the carbon emission trading policy has a more significant effect on carbon intensity reduction and productivity enhancement in areas with higher levels of economic development and R&D. However, in areas with higher levels of foreign investment, this policy only improves low-carbon total factor productivity. Therefore, the government should reasonably and orderly expand the pilot carbon markets, gradually improve the carbon trading mechanism with fairness and efficiency, provide feasible paths to effectively achieve the goals of regional development and carbon emission reduction, and contribute reasonable solutions to environmental problems.

　　The findings offer practical references for promoting the construction of carbon markets in an orderly manner and further realizing the low-carbon transformation. The possible contributions of this paper are in the following aspects. First, it provides a new interpretation perspective of the low-carbon transformation in industry from the carbon emissions trading pilot policy. Second, it adopts the multi-period DID method for policy assessment, enriching the related research. Third, it explores the mechanism of the pilot carbon emission trading market on the low-carbon transformation from the perspectives of cost constraints, structural upgrading, and technological progress, providing countermeasures for low-carbon transformation and the "dual carbon" goals realization.

　　Keywords: pilot carbon  emission trading market; low-carbon transformation in industry; unified national carbon market; carbon emission intensity; low-carbon total factor productivity

下载全文