数智赋能：智慧城市建设如何影响城市创新韧性？

张贵　孙建华

（南开大学）

摘要：打造具有韧性的城市创新体系是构建新发展格局、培育新质生产力的应有之义。数智化转型在提升城市创新风险抵御能力方面发挥着重要作用，智慧城市建设日益成为城市竞合与抵御风险的关键举措。本文基于2007—2020年中国284个地级及以上城市面板数据，运用交叠双重差分方法实证检验智慧城市建设提升城市创新韧性的有效性及其作用机制。研究结果显示，智慧城市建设能够促进城市创新韧性水平提升，并主要通过创新知识扩散效应、信息化渗透效应和政府科技创新关注效应实现。进一步分析发现，制造业集聚与金融集聚拓宽了智慧城市政策效应的作用边界；同时，智慧城市建设对城市创新韧性的提升效应在创新治理环境较完善的城市、东部地区城市，以及低人力资本、物质资本的城市中更为明显。本文的研究为理解数智化转型与创新韧性的关系提供了新的视角。

关键词：数智化转型；城市创新韧性；智慧城市；创新知识扩散；信息化渗透；政府科技创新关注

作者简介：张贵，南开大学经济与社会发展研究院教授、博士生导师，天津，300071；孙建华，南开大学经济学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金重点项目“生态位视域下现代化城市发展动力及空间形态演化研究”（24AJY018）

引用格式：张贵,孙建华.数智赋能:智慧城市建设如何影响城市创新韧性?[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(1):100-115.

Digital Intelligence Empowerment: How does Smart City Construction Affect Urban Innovation Resilience?

ZHANG Gui, SUN Jianhua

(Nankai University, Tianjin 300071)

Abstract: Against the backdrop of overlapping pressures, including global geopolitical conflicts, technology blockades, and macroeconomic weaknesses, urban innovation systems are facing increased uncertainties and shocks. Cultivating the ability of urban innovation systems to withstand shocks and maintain sustained innovative vitality has become crucial for building a new development pattern and fostering new quality productive forces. Theoretically, innovation resilience requires urban systems not only to absorb disturbances but also to possess the capacity to achieve dynamic balance, self-recovery, and evolution toward higher levels. Concurrently, urban digital-intelligent transformation, with smart city construction at its core, is comprehensively reshaping urban innovation ecosystems through upgrades in new information infrastructure, optimization of data-driven elements, and reforms in governance models, offering a new pathway for addressing innovation risks. However, existing research has largely focused on the impact of smart cities on the quantity of innovation, while their effect on innovation resilience remains unclear, with its underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions requiring further exploration.

This paper examines the impact of smart city construction on urban innovation resilience, using panel data on 284 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2007 to 2020. Treating the national smart city pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, it employs a staggered difference-in-differences model for empirical testing. The findings demonstrate that smart city construction can enhance urban innovation resilience. Mechanism analysis reveals that this positive policy effect is primarily transmitted through three channels: innovation knowledge diffusion, information penetration, and government attention to scientific and technological innovation. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the empowerment of smart cities is jointly shaped by a city’s internal structure and external environment: manufacturing and financial agglomeration can broaden the scope of the policy impact, creating a complementary effect; simultaneously, the intensity varies with the city’s innovation governance environment, geographical location, and endowment of innovation factors.

The marginal contributions are threefold. First, this paper extends the focus of smart city studies from innovation growth to innovation resilience, providing new evidence and measurement references for comprehensively evaluating the policy’s overall effects. Second, it systematically reveals the internal channels through which smart city construction empowers urban innovation resilience, deepening the understanding of the relationship between digital-intelligent transformation and innovation resilience. Third, by analyzing the complementary effects of economic agglomeration and urban heterogeneity, it clarifies the boundary conditions of the policy effect, thereby providing a solid empirical basis for formulating differentiated and targeted policies to enhance urban innovation resilience.

Keywords: digital-intelligent transformation; urban innovation resilience; smart city; innovation knowledge diffusion; information penetration; government attention to scientific and technological innovation

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