绿色工厂认证与企业供应链绿色协同

赵春明¹　李晓凡¹　刘烨²　钟晓欢¹

（1.北京师范大学；2.天津财经大学）

摘要：发挥供应链绿色协同治理效应，是如期、高效实现“双碳”目标的必然要求。本文以2009—2023年沪深A股制造业上市公司为样本，检验绿色工厂认证与企业供应链绿色协同之间的关系。研究结果表明，核心企业完成绿色工厂认证后提升了上下游企业的环境绩效，即绿色工厂认证具有供应链绿色协同效应。机制分析结果表明，核心企业绿色工厂认证通过增强核心企业的供应链话语权、促进绿色技术溢出，推动上下游企业的绿色协同。异质性分析结果显示，核心企业绿色工厂认证的供应链绿色协同效应对高管具有环保背景、重污染行业、强供应链依赖度的上下游企业作用更明显。本文的研究为政府优化绿色认证政策设计和国家生态文明体制改革提供一定经验参考。

关键词：绿色工厂；政府认证；供应链绿色协同；环境绩效；利益相关者

作者简介：赵春明，北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院教授、博士生导师，北京，100875；李晓凡，北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院博士研究生；刘烨，天津财经大学经济学院讲师，天津，300222；钟晓欢，北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院博士研究生，通信作者。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数实融合赋能企业跨国供应链安全的机制、效应与政策研究”（25CJL055）

引用格式：赵春明,李晓凡,刘烨,等.绿色工厂认证与企业供应链绿色协同[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(3):99-114.

Green Factory Certification and Green Collaboration Within Enterprise Supply Chains

ZHAO Chunming¹, LI Xiaofan¹, LIU Ye², ZHONG Xiaohuan¹

(1. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;

2. Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222)

Abstract: Leveraging the green collaborative governance effect of supply chain enterprises is an essential requirement for achieving the “dual carbon” goals on schedule and efficiently. Green Factory (GF) certification, as a voluntary environmental regulatory measure, is a core component of the green manufacturing system, providing differentiated policy support to incentivize firms’ green transformation. This paper explores the relationship between core firms obtaining GF certification and green collaboration within the supply chain, offering implications and references for optimizing the environmental governance efficiency of the supply chain as a whole and driving the development of the entire supply chain system towards green sustainability.

This paper takes A-share listed firms in China from 2009 to 2023 as its research sample. By manually collecting and matching the information on 5,095 certified GF firms, it constructs an exogenous shock. Furthermore, using a multi-period difference-in-differences model, it empirically tests the relationship between core firms’ GF certification and green collaboration among their upstream and downstream partners, as well as the underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that core firms’ GF certification can promote such green collaboration, and this conclusion still holds true after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. Mechanism analysis indicates that this promoting effect mainly operates by enhancing core firms’ supply chain discourse power and facilitating green technology spillovers. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this promoting effect is more pronounced among upstream and downstream firms whose executives have environmental backgrounds, those operating in heavy polluting industries, and those exhibiting strong supply chain dependence.

This paper extends research on GF certification policies to the supply chain level, further revealing the systematic environmental benefits of government-led certification systems from the perspective of green collaboration within enterprise supply chains. The findings offer the following policy implications. First, it is crucial to expand the GF certification coverage in an orderly and appropriate manner and strengthen the leading role of GF certification in promoting green collaboration within the supply chain. Second, efforts should focus on continuously improving the environmental information disclosure mechanism to make it more standardized and refined, thereby effectively breaking down information barriers between stakeholders and firms. Finally, as green governance costs differ across industries, tailored policy support should be provided based on industry-specific characteristics to avoid resource mismatches that may undermine policy effectiveness.

This paper theoretically explores the collaborative upgrading of environmental governance from the “point” level to the “line” level, providing an essential policy lever for advancing the “dual carbon” goal in a timely and efficient manner.

Keywords: green factory; government certification; green collaboration within the supply chain; environmental performance; stakeholder

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