环境管理体系认证如何影响企业绿色就业需求？

霍春辉　王振宇　卞圣凯

（辽宁大学）

摘要：绿色就业是实现绿色低碳转型和就业结构优化的关键途径。本文选取2016—2023年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本，实证检验环境管理体系认证对企业绿色就业需求的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明，通过环境管理体系认证的企业具有更高的绿色就业需求。机制检验结果表明，环境管理体系认证通过加强绿色技术创新、改善环保投资行为和抑制管理者短视等途径提升企业绿色就业需求。异质性分析结果表明，在环境敏感型企业、环境规制强度较低地区以及劳动密集型行业的企业中，实施环境管理体系认证对企业绿色就业需求的影响更为明显。本文的研究结论为绿色低碳转型过程中提升绿色就业需求、缓解结构性就业矛盾与促进就业高质量发展提供了新的思路。

关键词：低碳转型；绿色就业；环境管理体系认证；绿色职业；高质量充分就业

作者简介：霍春辉，辽宁大学经济学部商学院教授、博士生导师，沈阳，110036；王振宇，辽宁大学经济学部商学院博士研究生，通信作者；卞圣凯，辽宁大学经济学部商学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字化变革推动中小企业高质量发展研究”（22&ZD148）；辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合研究”（L25AWT007）

引用格式：霍春辉,王振宇,卞圣凯.环境管理体系认证如何影响企业绿色就业需求?[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(5):148-160.

How does Environmental Management System Certification Affect the Green Employment Demands of Enterprises?

HUO Chunhui, WANG Zhenyu, BIAN Shengkai

(Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036)

Abstract: With the continuous deepening of the green and low-carbon transformation, green technological innovation and industrial structure optimization are driving the adjustment of the labor market. However, from the trajectory of green skills growth, green human resources are insufficient to support the realization of China’s climate goals. In this context, how to enhance the green employment demands of enterprises and reverse the high-carbon development model becomes a key issue for accelerating the cultivation of new quality productive forces and better implementing the employment priority strategy.

This paper constructs a green employment demand index by integrating data from the American Occupational Information Network (O^＊NET), the Occupational Classification System of the People’s Republic of China, and online recruitment websites. Based on data from A-share listed companies in China from 2016 to 2023, it analyzes the impact of environmental management system certification on the green employment demands.

The findings show that environmental management system certification promotes the green employment demands of enterprises. This conclusion remains valid after addressing endogeneity issues and performing a series of robustness checks. Mechanism analysis indicates that the promoting effect operates by strengthening green technological innovation, improving environmental investment behaviors, and curbing managers’ short-sightedness. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promoting effect is more pronounced among environmentally sensitive enterprises, enterprises in regions with lower environmental regulations, and those in labor-intensive industries. These conclusions offer new insights into boosting demand for green employment, alleviating structural employment contradictions, and promoting high-quality employment during the green and low-carbon transition.

The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows. First, it enriches the measurement methods for green employment demand indicators. Second, it expands the literature on the economic consequences of environmental management system certification. Third, it provides a valuable reference for the coordinated advancement of green and low-carbon transition and high-quality and full employment.

Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes the following policy recommendations. First, enterprises should establish standardized environmental management processes and clearly define the responsibilities of each department in environmental protection, thereby ensuring the effective implementation and continuous operation of the environmental management system. Second, based on enterprises’ own characteristics and the complexity of their operating environments, the government should implement differentiated green transformation guidance policies and set reasonable phased transformation goals. Finally, in promoting green and low-carbon transformation, the demand for the quantity and structure of green-skilled workers in the labor market should be fully considered to alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand for green-skilled talent.

Keywords: low-carbon transformation; green employment; environmental management system certification; green career; high-quality and full employment

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