机器人应用对产业链创新链融合的影响研究

张本秀　吴福象

（南京大学经济学院）

 

内容提要：本文基于竞争成功函数和共容利益假设构建产业链创新链互动理论模型，从资本积累和就业极化两方面分析机器人应用对产业链创新链融合的影响，并使用中国2006—2021年的省级面板数据，构建计量模型进行实证研究。研究结果显示：机器人应用能够促进产业链创新链融合，主要作用机制包括资本积累效应和就业极化效应；进一步地，在积极应用机器人、就业政策完善的欠发达地区和创新基础薄弱的行业中，机器人应用对产业链创新链融合的促进作用更大，且以不同规模企业为主体的产业链创新链融合均受到机器人应用的促进。本文主要揭示了机器人应用对产业链创新链融合的作用机制和异质性影响,可为优化产业创新发展环境提供经验支撑与政策依据。　　

　　关键词：数据；流空间；知识溢出；内生经济增长；数字经济；“核心-外围”特征

　　作者简介：张本秀，大学经济学院博士研究生，南京，210093；吴福象，南京大学经济学院/长三角研究中心教授、博士生导师。

　　基金项目：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国深度参与全球创新链治理的机制、路径与政策研究”（20&ZD123）；国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国制造业关键核心技术创新突破及实现路径研究”（72073061）

　　引用格式：张本秀,吴福象.机器人应用对产业链创新链融合的影响研究[J].经济与管理研究,2024,45(2):21-40.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2024.02.002.

　　

　　

Impact of Robot Applications on the Fusion of Industrial Chain and Innovation Chain

ZHANG Benxiu, WU Fuxiang

(Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093)

　　

　　Abstract: As the core technology of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, robots are an important driving force for the fusion of industrial chain and innovation chain (hereinafter referred to as the two chains). A correct understanding of the influence of robot applications on industrial innovation and development and good coordination between production and innovation subjects can promote the fusion and stabilize the driving force of high-quality development.

　　This paper constructs an interactive theoretical model of the two chains based on the contest success function and the assumption of encompassing interests and discusses the influence of robot applications on the fusion of the two chains. The theoretical analysis results show that capital accumulation plays a mediating effect in robot applications promoting the fusion, while employment polarization exerts a masking effect. Then, this paper uses relevant data from high-tech industries to measure the fusion index of the two chains and combines them with provincial panel data of China from 2006 to 2021 to build an econometric model to empirically test the impact of robot applications on the fusion.

　　The results are as follows. (1) Robot applications significantly promote the fusion of the two chains, and this conclusion remains valid after the robustness and endogeneity tests. (2) The capital accumulation effect and the employment polarization effect are the main mechanisms of robot applications affecting the fusion of the two chains, with the former playing a mediating effect and the latter exerting a masking effect. (3) The heterogeneity analyses show that the eastern, central, and western regions actively apply robots and improve employment policies, where robot applications significantly promote the fusion of the two chains. However, this promoting effect is insignificant in the northeastern region where robot applications started relatively late. In high-tech industry segments that value independent research and technological innovation, robot applications can significantly promote the fusion of the two chains. Among them, the medical equipment and instrument manufacturing industry with low-added value products and insufficient technological content gains much more benefit. In addition, the promoting effect prevails in enterprises of different scales.

　　The findings reveal the mechanism and heterogeneity of robot applications on the fusion of the two chains, which can provide some empirical support and policy basis for optimizing the industrial innovation development environment. Therefore, this paper proposes to improve the ability of robots to solve practical problems in industrial development, properly deal with the adverse impact caused by robot impact, face up to the development gap between regions, industries, as well as enterprises, create a healthy environment for industrial development, and maximize the role of robot application in promoting the fusion of the two chains.

　　Keywords: robot application; industrial chain; innovation chain; capital accumulation; employment polarization

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