企业基础研究能否促进绿色技术创新质量的提升？

徐妍　高琬婷　宋怡瑾

（长安大学）

摘要：作为原创知识供给与底层技术突破的重要来源，企业基础研究能否有效推动高质量绿色技术创新，其作用机制与实现条件尚缺乏系统解释。本文基于2012—2022年沪深A股上市公司的科技论文手工匹配数据，运用文本分析法构建企业基础研究及绿色技术创新质量指标，系统考察企业基础研究对绿色技术创新质量的影响及其内在机制。研究发现，企业基础研究促进了绿色技术创新质量的提升，且主要通过增强企业动态能力与强化高管认知两条作用机制实现；媒体关注、绿色投资者及政府绿色创新导向均能强化企业基础研究对绿色技术创新质量提升的促进作用；在融资约束弱、人力资本水平较高、行业竞争度高以及气候政策变化小的地区，企业基础研究的促进作用明显。本文的研究为破解绿色技术转化瓶颈、推动“双碳”目标下企业绿色技术创新能力跃升提供了实践启示。

关键词：企业基础研究；绿色技术创新质量；动态能力；高管认知；政府绿色创新导向

作者简介：徐妍，长安大学经济与管理学院副教授，通信作者，西安，710064；高琬婷，长安大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生；宋怡瑾，长安大学经济与管理学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金青年项目“环境目标责任制提升企业绿色技术创新质量的效果评价、机制检验与路径研究”（25CJL032）

引用格式：徐妍，高琬婷，宋怡瑾. 企业基础研究能否促进绿色技术创新质量的提升？[J]. 经济与管理研究，2026，47（7）：47-61.

Can Enterprise Basic Research Improve Green Technological Innovation Quality?

XU Yan, GAO Wanting, SONG Yijin

(Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064)

Abstract: In the context of the restructuring of global climate governance and China’s accelerating low-carbon transition, firms face growing constraints in achieving breakthroughs in green technologies. As an important source of original knowledge and fundamental technological advances, enterprise basic research may help alleviate these constraints. Yet whether and how it enhances green technological innovation quality remains insufficiently understood. Using manually matched data on scientific publications of A-share listed firms in China from 2012 to 2022 and text analysis techniques, this paper constructs measures of enterprise basic research and green technological innovation quality to examine their relationship and underlying channels.

The results show that enterprise basic research improves green technological innovation quality. Mechanism analyses reveal two pathways. First, enterprise basic research strengthens dynamic capabilities, including innovation capability, absorptive capability, and adaptive capability. Second, enterprise basic research promotes top management cognition, reflected in stronger green cognition and innovation cognition among executives.

Further analyses indicate that media attention, green investor participation, and government green innovation orientation can strengthen the positive association between enterprise basic research and green technological innovation quality. Specifically, media attention mitigates information asymmetry and strengthens external oversight, thereby increasing firms’ incentives to commercialize research achievements. Green investor participation improves resource allocation efficiency, while government policy signals reduce uncertainty surrounding green technology development. Collectively, these mechanisms facilitate the transformation of basic research outputs into high-quality green technological innovation.

Heterogeneity analyses show that this positive impact is more pronounced among firms with lower financing constraints, higher human capital, stronger industry competition, and fewer climate policy updates. This finding suggests that the effectiveness of enterprise basic research depends on both internal resource endowments and external institutional conditions. Firms with stronger resource acquisition capabilities and greater competitive pressure are better positioned to convert basic research outputs into high-quality green technological innovation.

This paper contributes to the literature in three respects. First, it distinguishes enterprise basic research from general research and development activities and highlights its unique role as a knowledge source for high-quality green technological innovation, thereby extending research on basic research and green innovation. Second, it uncovers the micro-level mechanisms linking enterprise basic research to green technological innovation quality from the perspectives of dynamic capabilities and top management cognition, enriching explanations of how basic research generates innovation outcomes. Third, by focusing on innovation quality rather than innovation quantity under China’s “dual carbon” goals, this paper reveals how institutional environments, market attention, and resource endowments condition the effectiveness of enterprise basic research, providing new evidence on high-quality green innovation in China.

Keywords: enterprise basic research; green technological innovation quality; dynamic capability; top management cognition; government green innovation orientation

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