共生关系理论框架下企业朴素式创新的多元驱动路径研究

赵云辉　苏日娜　梁宇奇　金 桩

（内蒙古财经大学）

内容提要：企业高效开展面向低端市场的朴素式创新，为低收入群体提供平等共享创新成果的机会，对推进共同富裕具有重要意义。低收入群体对价格具有敏感性并且对价格的可负担性低，企业在开展朴素式创新时需要格外注意这一点。单一要素视角的研究难以全面解答企业如何进行资源配置以高效开展朴素式创新这一重要的现实问题。本文整合共生关系与资源拼凑理论，运用必要条件分析和模糊集定性比较分析方法对192家企业进行跨案例比较分析，探究组织间关系、治理机制和共享逻辑协同匹配对企业朴素式创新的驱动机制。研究发现：（1）组织间关系、治理机制和共享逻辑多重并发形成企业朴素式创新的多元化驱动路径；（2）高效开展朴素式创新可通过“治理机制与组织间关系双轮驱动”“共享逻辑、输出控制与顾客协同驱动”“组织间关系和共享逻辑双轮主导下的行为控制驱动”多重模式实现；（3）顾客跨边界整合在驱动企业朴素式创新过程中发挥着较为普适性的作用。本文引入组态视角，弥补了传统定性和定量分析对该问题解释的局限性，加深了共生关系系统要素耦合对朴素式创新驱动机制的认识，对企业高效开展朴素式创新具有理论价值和实践意义。

关键词：朴素式创新；组织间关系；治理机制；共享逻辑；共生关系

作者简介：赵云辉，内蒙古财经大学工商管理学院教授，呼和浩特，010070；苏日娜，内蒙古财经大学工商管理学院硕士研究生；梁宇奇，内蒙古财经大学工商管理学院硕士研究生；金桩，内蒙古财经大学金融学院教授，通信作者。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目“供应链视角下数字技术驱动企业包容性创新的机制研究”（72464024）；内蒙古自治区杰出青年基金项目“民族地区营商环境提升城市经济韧性的复杂机制与差异化路径研究”（2024JQ19）；内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划项目“大数据与绿色治理”（NMGIRT2202）

引用格式：赵云辉,苏日娜,梁宇奇,等.共生关系理论框架下企业朴素式创新的多元驱动路径研究[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(6):126-144.

Multiple Driving Paths of Corporate Frugal Innovation Based on the Framework of Symbiotic Relationship

ZHAO Yunhui, SU Rina, LIANG Yuqi, JIN Zhuang

(Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070)

Abstract: As an important participant in creating shared value and achieving common prosperity, enterprises are entrusted with important responsibilities to eliminate extreme poverty and advance the welfare of low-income groups. Frugal innovation is an innovation paradigm constructed by enterprises for low-end markets that provides affordable products or services to low-income groups with fewer resources. The efficient implementation of frugal innovation by enterprises and the provision of equal opportunities for low-income groups to share the fruits of innovation are of great significance to promoting common prosperity. However, due to the price sensitivity and low affordability of low-income groups, enterprises face many difficulties in carrying out frugal innovation. A single-factor perspective is struggling to fully explore how firms allocate resources to efficiently carry out frugal innovation.

This paper integrates the symbiotic relationship and resource patchwork theories and conducts a cross-case comparative analysis of 192 firms using necessary condition analysis (NCA) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) methods to explore the complex driving mechanisms of inter-organizational relationships, governance mechanisms, and sharing logic synergistically matching on frugal innovation. The findings are threefold. (1) Inter-organizational relationships, governance mechanisms, and sharing logic collectively form a diversified driving path for frugal innovation. Any single antecedent condition can neither constitute a necessary condition for frugal innovation nor be a sufficient condition for high-level frugal innovation. (2) Efficient frugal innovation can be driven by multiple paths, including driven by governance mechanisms and inter-organizational relationships, driven by sharing logic, output control, and customers, and driven by inter-organizational relationships and sharing logic. The driving effects of reasonable combinations of different elements on corporate frugal innovation are shaped into configurational effects, resulting in an equivalent high-level frugal innovation. (3) Among the four configurations of high-level frugal innovation, customer cross-boundary integration always exists as a key condition. It serves as a broadly applicable factor in driving corporate frugal innovation. The results of propensity score matching (PSM) analysis show no bias in the sample selection process.

This paper introduces a configurational perspective to explore the diversified paths of corporate frugal innovation, addressing the limitations of traditional qualitative and quantitative analyses in interpreting this issue. The conclusions extend and enrich the relevant research on frugal innovation, deepen the understanding of the complex mechanisms through which the coupling of symbiotic relationship system elements drives frugal innovation, and provide a basis and references for the selection of paths of corporate frugal innovation, offering significant theoretical and practical implications for the effective implementation of frugal innovation strategies.

Keywords: frugal innovation; inter-organizational relationship; governance mechanism; sharing logic; symbiotic relationship

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