数字贸易网络地位对企业供应链效率的影响研究

黄先明　赵志辉

（江西财经大学）

摘要：在全球供应链重构的背景下，数字贸易网络地位提高能够为现代化供应链体系建设提供重要的资源支撑。本文基于2015—2022年中国上市企业数据，研究企业数字贸易网络地位提高对供应链效率的影响与作用机制。研究发现，数字贸易网络地位提高能够推动企业供应链效率提升。企业数字贸易网络地位提高对上游供应商效率产生正向溢出效应，但对周边其他企业供应链效率产生负向虹吸效应。机制分析表明，数字贸易网络地位提高通过增强创新溢出效应、数据乘数效应和信号强化效应提升企业供应链效率。异质性分析表明，数字贸易网络地位对供应链效率的提升作用在供应链集中度较高、信息共享水平较低以及网络安全治理水平较高的企业中更明显。本文的研究为构建安全高效的现代化供应链体系、推动数字贸易高质量发展提供了经验证据与政策启示。

关键词：数字贸易网络地位；数字产品与服务；供应链效率；现代化供应链；空间溢出效应

作者简介：黄先明，江西财经大学国际经济与政治学院教授、博士生导师，南昌，330013；赵志辉，江西财经大学国际经济与政治学院博士研究生，通信作者。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金一般项目“全球大宗商品价格波动对中国金融市场风险的传染测度及对策研究”（22BJY176）；江西省教育厅科技项目“数据跨境流动赋能企业新质生产力的理论机制与实践路径研究”（GJ2400409）；江西省管理科学专题项目“新兴产业全球发展态势跟踪研究-新型储能”（20262BAA100049）

引用格式：黄先明，赵志辉. 数字贸易网络地位对企业供应链效率的影响研究[J]. 经济与管理研究，2026，47（8）：118-135.

Impact of Digital Trade Network Position on Firms' Supply Chain Efficiency

HUANG Xianming, ZHAO Zhihui

(Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013)

Abstract: Against the backdrop of global supply chain restructuring, an elevated position in digital trade networks provides critical resource support for the construction of modern supply chain systems. At present, digital trade networks and supply chain efficiency have become research focuses for the government, industries, and academia. However, existing literature predominantly concentrates on the impact of domestic economic factors on firms' supply chain efficiency, with scant attention paid to the relationship between firms' positions in digital trade networks and their supply chain efficiency from a cross-border digital trade perspective, particularly in the context of global technological and industrial transformation and a complex international environment.

This paper employs matched data from Chinese listed firms and the FactSet Revere Global Supply Chain database from 2015 to 2022, using social network analysis metrics—centrality, structural holes, and network density—to measure micro-level firms' positions in global digital trade networks. It then applies two-way fixed effects models and spatial Durbin models to examine the impact of the elevated position in digital trade networks on supply chain efficiency and its mechanisms. The findings indicate that the elevated position in digital trade networks enhances firms' supply chain efficiency. This conclusion remains robust after endogeneity analysis and robustness tests. Furthermore, such an elevated position generates positive spillover effects on the efficiency of upstream suppliers, while exerting negative siphoning effects on the efficiency of neighboring firms. Mechanism analysis reveals that the elevated position in digital trade networks strengthens innovation spillover effects, data's multiplier effects, and signal reinforcement effects, thereby boosting supply chain efficiency. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the efficiency-enhancing effect is more pronounced for firms with higher supply chain concentration, lower information sharing, and higher cybersecurity governance. The findings deepen the understanding of digital trade networks, expand the spatial analytical dimensions of supply chain efficiency, and enrich relevant research perspectives.

This paper provides empirical evidence and policy implications for building safe and efficient modern supply chain systems and promoting high-quality digital trade. For firms, the priority should be to actively elevate their positions in digital trade networks and strengthen their supply chain digitalization capabilities. Meanwhile, they should build supply chain ecosystems centered on digital resources to foster synergistic development along industrial and supply chains. As for the government, it should expand channels to bridge the digital divide among firms and ensure that the dividends of digital trade networks are shared broadly. At the same time, it should tailor policy measures to firms' differentiated characteristics, adopting regionally appropriate approaches.

Keywords: digital trade network position; digital product and service; supply chain efficiency; modern supply chain; spatial spillover effect

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