国家技术转移中心何以促进企业实质性绿色创新？

肖德^1,2　桂田恬¹

（1.湖北大学；2.汉江师范学院）

摘要：技术转移体系是强化企业科技创新主体地位的关键制度支撑，更是推动科技赋能绿色转型的重要战略路径。本文以国家技术转移中心的设立为准自然实验，选择2010—2023年中国A股上市公司为样本，采用多时点双重差分模型实证研究国家技术转移中心对企业实质性绿色创新的影响及作用机制。研究结果显示，国家技术转移中心的设立能够提升企业实质性绿色创新且具有持续性；国家技术转移中心通过政府绿色采购、企业绿色投资和产学研绿色合作三条路径推动企业实质性绿色创新；对具有国有性质、隶属高新技术行业以及位于基础设施完善地区的企业而言，国家技术转移中心的赋能作用更为明显。本文的研究结论丰富了技术转移及企业实质性绿色创新的相关研究，对优化国家技术转移体系、重构绿色创新范式、加快经济社会绿色转型具有重要的参考价值。

关键词：国家技术转移中心；实质性绿色创新；政府绿色采购；企业绿色投资；产学研绿色合作

作者简介：肖德，湖北大学商学院教授、博士生导师，武汉，430062；汉江师范学院经济与管理学院教授，十堰，442000；桂田恬，湖北大学商学院博士研究生。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金青年项目“资源环境要素市场化配置的劳动收入分配效应研究”（24CJY074）

引用格式：肖德,桂田恬.国家技术转移中心何以促进企业实质性绿色创新?[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(1):150-164.

How do National Technology Transfer Centers Catalyze Substantive Green Innovation in Firms?

XIAO De^1,2, GUI Tiantian¹

(1. Hubei University, Wuhan 430062;

2. Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000)

Abstract: China’s socio-economic development has entered a high-quality development stage characterized by accelerated green and low-carbon transformation. High-level scientific and technological innovation serves as the core engine driving comprehensive green transformation, while establishing an efficient and synergistic technology transfer system constitutes the critical institutional support for transforming scientific and technological achievements into tangible green productivity. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the impact of National Technology Transfer Centers (NTTCs) on firms’ substantive green innovation, aiming to reveal the inherent logic of stimulating endogenous innovation momentum and constructing institutional empowerment pathways.

Based on theoretical analysis, this paper leverages the establishment of NTTCs as a quasi-natural experiment. Using data from A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2023, it employs a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically investigate the impact of NTTCs on firms’ substantive green innovation and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that the establishment of NTTCs enhances firms’ substantive green innovation with sustained effects. This conclusion remains valid after a series of robust test. Mechanism analysis indicates that NTTCs promote substantive green innovation through three primary pathways: government green procurement, corporate green investment, and industry-university-research green collaboration. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the empowering effect of NTTCs is more pronounced among state-owned enterprises, firms in high-tech sectors, and firms located in regions with well-developed infrastructure.Therefore, this paper proposes the following policy recommendations, including refining the functional positioning of NTTCs, deeply integrating them into the government green procurement system, leveraging their role as market hubs in green innovation investment, strengthening their coordination function as key entities, and establishing a differentiated support system.

The marginal contributions are threefold. First, from a research perspective, this paper examines NTTCs as a key institutional arrangement connecting an effective government and an efficient market, offering both theoretical and empirical insights into the endogenous drivers and enabling pathways for substantive green innovation in Chinese firms. Second, in terms of the theoretical framework, this paper constructs a tripartite driving mechanism of demand pull，resource allocation，and collaborative innovation, enriching the theoretical understanding of how specialized technology transfer institutions shape corporate green innovation behavior. Third, regarding the research content, this paper investigates the heterogeneous effects of NTTCs on the promotion of substantive green innovation across three dimensions: internal firm characteristics, industry attributes, and the market environment. These findings provide targeted policy implications and theoretical references for improving China’s technology transfer system and accelerating the green transformation of its economy and society.

Keywords: national technology transfer center; substantive green innovation; government green procurement; corporate green investment; industry-university-research green collaboration

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