邻里效应对农户粮食生产托管的影响——基于河南省周口市617户小麦种植户的经验证据

张仁慧　朱玲　赵凯

（西北农林科技大学经济管理学院）

　　内容提要：本文以粮食主产区河南省617户小麦种植户为研究对象，构建邻里效应对农户粮食生产托管影响的理论分析框架，采用线性均值模型、中介效应模型和分组回归模型进行实证检验。研究结果表明，邻里效应对农户小麦托管行为具有显著的正向影响，考虑内生性问题和进行稳健性检验后，结果依旧显著。作用机制检验表明，邻里效应通过观察性学习、风险规避和降低签约成本等路径提高农户的粮食生产托管程度。此外，邻里效应在不同农户群体和作业环节的影响存在异质性，具体表现为：与高收入农户和规模户相比，邻里效应对低收入农户和小农户的作用更大；在耕地、播种和收割等作业效益显示度高的环节，邻里效应的作用更明显。根据研究结论，本文提出扩大农业生产托管示范户样点、降低农户采纳服务的风险预期和签约成本以及扶持生产托管服务的薄弱环节发展等建议。

　　

　　关键词：邻里效应；粮食生产托管；农户行为；粮食主产区；生产托管服务

　　

　　作者简介：张仁慧，西北农林科技大学经济管理学院博士研究生，杨凌，712100；朱玲，西北农林科技大学经济管理学院硕士研究生；赵凯，西北农林科技大学经济管理学院教授、博士生导师，通信作者。

　　

　　基金项目：农业农村部农村合作经济指导司委托课题“农村宅基地指导改革试点管理与评估”（10200071）；陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟2022年软科学项目“陕西粮食安全背景下榆林沙漠变农田的实现路径研究”（LMR202202）

　　

　　引用格式：张仁慧,朱玲,赵凯.邻里效应对农户粮食生产托管的影响——基于河南省周口市617户小麦种植户的经验证据[J].经济与管理研究,2023,44(5):75-92.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2023.05.005.

　　

Impact of Neighborhood Effect on Farmers’ Grain Production Trusteeship

—Empirical Evidence from 617 Wheat Growers in Zhoukou, Henan Province

ZHANG Renhui, ZHU Ling, ZHAO Kai

(Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100)

　　

　　Abstract: Agricultural production trusteeship is crucial to promote the organic connection between smallholders and modern agriculture. Exploring farmers’grain production trusteeship behavior and improving the rate of grain production trusteeship are of great significance in promoting the development of agricultural production trusteeship services and building modern agriculture. Based on the social interaction theory, the observational learning theory, the transaction cost theory and the farmers’behavior theory, this paper constructs a theoretical framework for analyzing the impact of neighborhood effects on farmers’grain production trusteeship. Taking 617 wheat growers in Henan Province, it conducts an empirical test using the linear mean model, the mediation model and the group-level regression model.

　　The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows. First, it expands the existing research on the influencing factors of farmers’grain production trusteeship. This paper focuses on neighborhood effect and discusses the impact of farmers’social interaction on grain production trusteeship behavior, providing a new perspective for improving their trusteeship rate in agricultural production. Second, it shows the inner mechanism of neighborhood effect affecting farmers’grain production trusteeship behavior. This paper reveals the mechanism of neighborhood effect on farmers’grain production trusteeship from three aspects: observational learning, risk avoidance and contract cost reduction, which provides enlightenment on how to improve their service adoption behavior through neighborhood effect. Third, it clarifies the heterogeneity of neighborhood effect on farmers’grain production trusteeship. This paper investigates the subdivision differences of neighborhood effect from different farmer groups and production links to provide a basis for improving the efficiency of neighborhood effect.

　　The results are as follows. First, the neighborhood effect has a significant positive impact on farmers’wheat trusteeship behavior, which is still valid after considering endogenous issues and adopting various methods to test the robustness. Second, the mechanism test shows that the neighborhood effect can improve farmers’grain production trusteeship degree through observational learning, risk avoidance and contract cost reduction. Third, the neighborhood effect is heterogeneous on different types of farmers and operation links. Specifically, it is more pronounced for low-income and small-scale farmers and in the links with high display efficiency such as plowing, sowing and harvesting.

　　The paper provides some policy suggestions, including expanding sample sites of agricultural production trusteeship demonstration households, reducing the risk expectation and contract cost of farmers’ adoption of services, and supporting the development of weak links in production trusteeship services.

　　Keywords: neighborhood effect; grain production trusteeship; farmers’ behavior; main grain production area; production trusteeship service