数字素养对农户财产性收入的影响

李成顺¹　凌晓红²　吴雨²

（1.南京大学；2.南京农业大学）

内容提要：提升农户的财产性收入，释放农村地区的经济活力，对于缩小城乡差距和促进乡村振兴具有重要的现实意义。本文利用2017年和2019年中国家庭金融调查数据，通过构建数字素养指数，实证分析农户数字素养对家庭财产性收入的影响。研究结果表明，农户数字素养的提升通过提高金融市场参与度与低风险资产持有比例、增强经济金融信息关注度，以及缓解流动性约束并提升金融服务可得性影响农户财产性收入，且前两个路径在低数字化地区表现出更强的边际效应。异质性分析结果显示，数字素养对处于低数字化水平地区、低传统金融发展水平地区的农户以及低教育水平、非正规就业农户的财产性收入具有更为明显的积极效应。本文的研究为制定促进数字化发展与增加农户收入来源的相关政策提供了参考。

关键词：数字素养；农户；财产性收入；共同富裕；乡村振兴；数字化水平；非正规就业

作者简介：李成顺，南京大学商学院博士研究生，南京，210008；凌晓红，南京农业大学金融学院博士研究生，通信作者，南京，210095；吴雨，南京农业大学金融学院教授、博士生导师。

引用格式：李成顺,凌晓红,吴雨.数字素养对农户财产性收入的影响[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(10):75-90.

Impact of Digital Literacy on Farmers’ Property Income

LI Chengshun¹, LING Xiaohong², WU Yu²

(1. Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008;

2. Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095)

Abstract: Increasing farmers’ property income and unleashing economic vitality in rural areas are crucial for narrowing the urban-rural gap and achieving rural revitalization. With the advancement of digital rural construction and the continuous improvement of digital infrastructure, new opportunities have emerged for farmers’ income growth. However, the overall digital literacy of farmers restricts their ability to obtain digital dividends. Therefore, exploring how digital literacy promotes the growth of farmers’ property income holds significant practical and policy implications.

This paper uses data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2017 and 2019 to construct a digital literacy index for farmers, encompassing digital access, digital information acquisition, and digital life. It empirically studies the impact of farmers’ digital literacy on household property income and its mechanism. The findings reveal that the improvement of digital literacy can promote the growth of household property income. Moreover, the enhancement of digital capabilities can effectively increase the household’s participation rate in the financial market and the proportion of risky assets, thereby achieving a steady increase in property income. After conducting robustness tests, the reliability of the above conclusion is further verified.

Mechanism tests show that digital literacy promotes property income mainly by increasing household attention to financial information and alleviating credit constraints. Digital tools not only provide families with more efficient information acquisition, screening, and analysis capabilities but also reduce the cost of resource acquisition and transactions, thus improving the efficiency of asset investment decisions. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of digital literacy on property income is more pronounced in areas with lower digitalization levels and insufficient financial development, as well as among low-education families and non-formal employment groups. This suggests that the development of digital technology has an empowering effect in compensating for the uneven distribution of resources.

This paper broadens the research boundary of factors affecting property income and provides a new perspective on how to increase rural residents’ property income and promote the realization of common prosperity. Different from the traditional single-path analysis, this paper analyzes the micro-mechanism of how digital literacy increases farmers’ property income from three perspectives, enriching the research on the mechanism of digital literacy and microeconomic behavior. The key to digital empowerment of rural revitalization lies in mechanism linkage and innovation. Through digital infrastructure and homestead reform, pathways for land transfer and financialization can be established. By leveraging digital intelligence education and scenario-based finance, farmers’ capabilities in fund management and investment can be enhanced, thereby effectively activating rural resource potential, broadening farmers’ income channels, and providing a systematic solution for promoting common prosperity.

Keywords: digital literacy; farmer; property income; common prosperity; rural revitalization; digitalization level; non-formal employment

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